Organisational behaviour and management

Introduction

Organisations play an change magnitudely important role in a modern industrialised society. Organisational Behaviour (OB for short) is a field of study, which is of interest group to both practitioners, and researches of management.

In the beginning stages of OB, the emphasis was on looking at each case-by-case employees movements and standardising them through training. Frederick Taylor pioneered this approach in his playact on scientific management. Its focus was on improving the readiness of individual workers. A related approach was to try to build an efficiency organisation through following rules. Henri Fayol who formulated his principles of management, and grievous bodily harm Weber who formulated his theory of Bureaucracy pioneered this approached. The interest was on the organisation as a whole.

The next stage in the OB evolution began with the famous Hawthorne studies, under Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger. The Hawthorne studies were aimed at investigating the effect of illumination on the productivity of individual workers. It showed that human need for recognition and group membership has a greater impact on productivity than physiological factors much(prenominal) as illumination and rest breaks. This led to a human-centred perspective of organisations, which attempts to satisfy the employees needs as human beings.

Scientific Management

The leash object of management should be to secure the maximum successfulness for the employer and the employee.

The words maximum prosperity are used, in their openhanded sense, to mean not only large dividends for the company or owner, but the development of every branch of the business to its highest call forth of excellence, so that the prosperity may be permanent.

Many of the classical writers were refer with the improvement of management as a means of increasing productivity. F.W Taylor (1856-1917), the father of scientific management considered that all work process could be analysed into discrete tasks and that by...

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