Urbanization

Urbanization and Its Historical Stages By the early 1900s both cracking Britain and the United States had become predominantly urbanized nations; since that time, urbanization has been occurring nigh the globe at a rapid rate. Today, as umpteen an(prenominal) as 50 percent of the worlds population lives in urban areas, compared to only a few percent just cc years ago. Sociologists studying urbanization trends note three antithetical historical stages in the development of cities: preindustrial, industrial, and metropolitan-megalopolitanstages. Preindustrial cities For the vast majority of benevolent beings history, as far as anyone knows, populate roamed about in search of sustenance. While they gathered edible plants, fished, and hunted, our ancestors could never insure enough food in one area to plump for up themselves for an extended period of time. Consequently, they had to keep moving until they could control another(prenominal) place in which to settle tem porarily. Eventual technological improvements much(prenominal) as simple tools and information on how to farm and open sex animalsallowed heap to settle in one place. They built villages, with perchance only a few hundred people animateness in each, and, for the following 5,000 years, produced just enough food for themselveswith vigor more in reserve.

About 5,000 years ago, however, humans avowedly such innovations as irrigation, metallurgy, and animal-drawn plows. These developments allowed farmers to produce an excess of food beyond their immediate needs. The resulting surplus of food led some people to make their living in other ways: for instance, by making pottery, weaving, and engaging in other nonagricultural activ! ities that they could sell or exchange with others for the surplus food. As a result, people go off the farms, commerce developed, and cities began to form. Preindustrial citieswhich first arose on fertile lands along rivers in the Middle East, Egypt, and Chinawere quite small compared to todays cities. most(prenominal) preindustrial cities housed fewer than...If you want to get a full essay, state it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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