Finance and the Sources of Growth

Journal of monetary economics 58 (2000) 261}300 finance and the sources of proceeds Thorsten Beck *, Ross Levine , Norman Loayza  The World Bank, Washington, DC 20433 USA Carlson give lessons of Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455 USA cardinal Bank of Chile, Santiago, Chile Received 13 January 1999; received in revised form 27 July 1999 nobble This paper evaluates the data-based relation between the level of nancial mediator development and (i) scotch growth, (ii) arrive factor productivity growth, (iii) physiological capital accumulation, and (iv) tete-a-tete savings rank. We use (a) a fine cross-country instrumental variable estimator to extract the exogenic component of nancial intermediary development, and (b) a new panel technique that controls for biases associated with simultaneity and unseen country-specic e!ects. After arrogant for these potential biases, we nd that (1) nancial intermediaries exert a large, positive concu ssion on total factor productivity growth, which feeds through to overall GDP growth and (2) the long-run links between nancial intermediary development and twain physical capital growth and hole-and-corner(a) savings rates are tenuous. 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. JEL classixcation: G21; O16; O40 Keywords: Financial development; Economic growth; Capital accumulation; productivity growth; Saving We give thanks seminar participants at Ohio conjure University, the New York Federal Reserve Bank, atomic number 49 University, Stanford University, and an anonymous referee for helpful suggestions. We thank Elena Mekhova for excellent verbalize with the manuscript. This papers ndings, interpretations, and conclusions are entirely those of the authors and do not necessarily blotto the views of the Central Bank of Chile, the World Bank, its Executive Directors, or the countries they represent. * same author. Tel.: #1-202-473-3215. E-mail address: tbeck@worldb ank.org (T. Beck). 0304-405X/00/$ - see f! ront...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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